Same sex couple SHOULD BE allowed to marry Essay

Same sex couple SHOULD BE permitted to wed - Essay Example Nations like Belgium, Netherlands and Canada give legitimate help to gay marriage. Most importantly as a similar sex couples love one another and prepared to live respectively it is their entitlement to seek after their alternative (Filer, 2010). Disavowal of same sex marriage is hostile in any case and numerous steady angles could be found in such manner. As a matter of first importance being a gay or lesbian doesn't deny an individual their citizenship. In this way, all the residents of a country ought to have equivalent rights. There ought not be a division based on their sex. As the hetero has the opportunity to wed the individual whom the individual loves the individual who lean towards same sex ought to likewise be permitted to wed the one whom the person in question likes. The constitution of a nation is composed for all the residents of that nation and the forswearing of their privileges is uncalled for with respect to the constitution. Government ought not meddle in peoples’ exclusive issues and the disavowal of union with a specific portion of populace is clear separation. Marriage should happen based on the adoration between two people and sex isn't a deciding element of one’s love. It is the essentia l right of each resident. As affection is the primary factor of wedded life forswearing of relationship between two adoring hearts as a result of same sex is merciless and uncouth. Individuals who remain against same sex marriage state that marriage is for multiplication. In any case, that is an off-base thought as marriage basically targets cherishing and minding of two people. Increasingly over yonder are various hetero couples who don't multiply. There have been endeavors to representation gay as freaks and topple their entitlement to wed according to their will. Most likely strict are there behind it, particularly the catholic. In any case, one should remember the way that the constitution is composed not solely for a specific strict gathering and it's anything but a strict archive (Homosexuality and

The Street | A Rose for Emily | A Story of an Hour | Themes

The Street | A Rose for Emily | A Story of an Hour | Themes The way toward assessing and deciphering writing is to comprehend what kind of reasoning it presents and to contrast our own qualities and the content. Since writing edifies and engages, the content brings perusers into its imaginative universes. Also, certain components in writing influence the perusers presumption about the perusing, for example, character, setting, or subject. This paper will address a subject examination between one sonnet and two short stories. Assessments and understandings are fundamental apparatuses, which are productive viewpoints in the scholarly association process. All the more significantly, these perspectives help us to ponder the content subtleties and lingo (DiYanni, 2007 p. 7). As indicated by Octavio Pazs The Street, William Faulkners A Rose for Emily, and Kate Chopins A Story of an Hour, disconnection was the normal topic inside their accounts. In addition, these abstract works comprise of sentiments of depression in the significant characters inside their content. For instance, the subject for these three abstract works delineates forlorn musings and detached settings. The accompanying portrayals depend on looking at artistic works: watching and deciphering. In spite of the fact that there are subjects that are common in different artistic works, what sort of association and qualification do they share? The Street, A Rose for Emily, A Story of an Hour Similarities Watching and contrasting writing is with investigate the similitudes of the narratives. For example, the sonnet The Street has a comparable topical thought of forlornness, to the accompanying two short stories, A Rose for Emily and A Story for an Hour. In The Street, the writer portrays a sentiment of a keeps an eye on venture down a dim road. The entry, Everything dim and doorless, just my means mindful of me (DiYanni, 2007), delineates that the air was desolate and need security. Since it isn't clear why this character was separated from everyone else in the road, a few musings/questions did ring a bell, for example, was this individual destitute, was this individual slow-witted or did this individual just needing alone time? Additionally, an illustrative expression in this sonnet to some degree depicts the characters attitude. For example, on the off chance that I run, he runs, I turn: no one, (DiYanni, 2007). A general presumption of this wording would be; would someone say someo ne was really tailing him or was it just his shadow? By and large, this characters job in The Street experienced an emotive walk around a long and still road, which has all the earmarks of being a delineation of an isolation tone. Like the isolation subject of The Street, the idea of depression and detachment are uncovered in the short story, A Rose for Emily as an expressive portrayal of Emilys eternal life of her dad and darling. The author communicates how Emilys disposition changed, genuinely and inwardly. Emily, the significant character, experienced disengagement after the demise of her dad. For example, the creators language recommended that after her dads passing, Emily couldn't have cared less to communicate with others in the network and chose to live in her solitary minimal world. DiYanni (2007) express that After her dads demise she went out very little㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦people scarcely observed her by any means (p. 80). As per this expression, disengagement was Emilys deepest mentality, which was her method of adapting catastrophe. In correlation with character in The Street, the idea of intellectually challenge or crazy rung a bell when Emily needed to purchase a harmful thing from the drug specialis t. Since Emily never referenced why she required the toxic substance, and since Emily remained inside regularly after her dads passing, her activities triggered an inquisitive inquiry what was Emily wanting to do with such a dangerous component. In a perfect world, carrying on with a forlorn and disengaged life could cause an enthusiastic perspective. Another story that shares the isolation subject as in the short sonnet The Street is A Story of an Hour. The essayist recounts to a tale about a lady who secluded herself in the wake of hearing the news that her better half has kicked the bucket in a train mishap. Ms. Mallard, the principle character, communicated her feelings after the updates on her spouses passing. Consequently, Ms. Mallards response to the report caused a sentiment of segregation like The Street and A Rose for Emily character, a singular occasion. After Ms. Mallard separates and cries, she goes to her space to be distant from everyone else. DiYanni (2007) noticed that When [her sobbing was over,] she left to her room alone. She would not have nobody follow her (p.38). The Street, A Rose for Emily, A Story of an Hour Differences With respect to another strategy for contrasting these three abstract works is with identify their topic contrasts. A perceptible differentiation that stood out among every one of the three scholarly works, were the characters sex. The significant characters in A Rose for Emily and A Story of an Hour are ladies; be that as it may, the major/solo character in The Street was a male. Despite the fact that the writer of The Street made no away from of the name of the fundamental character that was strolling in the road alone, the journalists of A Rose for Emily and The tale of an Hour, Emily and Mrs. Mallard were the names of fundamental characters who shared a time of aloneness and misery inside their life. Besides, the consummation of these artistic works are distinctive too. The character in The Street stays in the road alone with no proposal of a particular goal. As (DiYanni, 2007) brings up, Poems animate our minds (p. 6). Along these lines, the creator driving the result as a cliff hanger, infers think about what occurs straightaway. Not at all like the characters in A Rose for Emily and The Story of an Hour, their goal finishes in death. End In synopsis, since the regular topic in The Street, A Rose for Emily, and The Story for an Hour includes a sentiment of aloneness similarly as with the structure, the idea of being distant from everyone else could be portrayed in various manners. At the end of the day, in contrasting these subjects, the secluded responses of these characters get from explicit issues, for example, disorder or passing. Additionally, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦to describe the relationship of [literary works,]㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦the cause prompting impact [and] outside occasion activating [the] inward reaction ((DiYanni, 2007, p. 7), ought to decide their similitudes and contrasts. On a last note, the most fascinating thought among the three going before abstract works was the means by which the creator communicated the characters feelings through their considerations and activities. As such, the authors expectation is to underline what the occasion would state, which would in the end uncover their objective the subject of the story. Similitudes Ââ · Is like Ââ · Both Ââ · Also Ââ · Too Ââ · As well Ââ · Like Contrasts Ââ · On the other hand Ââ · However Ââ · But Ââ · Although Ââ · Unlike Ââ · While Sign Words Sign words and different tips To enable your peruser to monitor where you are in the correlation/differentiate, youll need to be certain that your changes and theme sentences are particularly solid. Your postulation should as of now have given the peruser a thought of the focuses youll be making and the association youll be utilizing, yet you can support her/him out with some additional signals. The accompanying words might be useful to you in flagging your aims: like, like, additionally, not at all like, also, similarly, in like manner, once more, contrasted with, interestingly, in like way, appeared differently in relation to, unexpectedly, in any case, albeit, yet, despite the fact that, still, at the same time, by the by, on the other hand, simultaneously, in any case, notwithstanding, while, from one perspective à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¦ then again. For instance, you may have a subject sentence like one of these: Contrasted with Peppers, Amante hushes up. Like Amante, Peppers offers new garlic as a fixing. In spite of their various areas (downtown Chapel Hill and downtown Carrboro), Peppers and Amante are both genuinely simple to get to. Like in any paper, finish your article by summing up the focuses you made in the body. Ex: Although each is a financially developed tree organic product, developing temperatures and contrasts in preparing apples and oranges unmistakably makes a qualification between the two natural products. Fitting utilization of advances and prompt words help make your article decision simple to sum up. Composing a difference and analyze and paper is as simple as looking at apples and oranges!

Know Your History 10 Underrated Books for Black History Month

Know Your History 10 Underrated Books for Black History Month Black History Month is the perfect time of year to reevaluate what you might think you know about the places you call home and the people who established it. I recently read Why We Cant Wait by Dr Martin Luther King Jr and realised that there was so little I knew about the man and all he did for the Civil Rights movement, despite all I had seen in movies and on TV. As Western history shifts from a white lens, Im beginning to realise just how little I know of the Black men and women who came before me and paved the way for the existence I now have in the West. The same stories and the same narratives play out unchallenged, sometimes diminishing the destruction endured and often diminishing the fight for freedom and equality. This Black History Month, I urge you to step away from the common and popular narratives about the great freedom fighters and read about them for yourselves. Leave behind the narrative of a people group destined to suffer and read about communities of Black people who thrived and were punished for it by those who believed it was their divine right to kill and destroy. If youre searching for some challenging but informative books to read this Black History Month, heres a collection of ten underrated books to add to your TBR: 1. Black Wall Street: From Riot to Renaissance in Tulsas Historic Greenwood District by Hannibal B. Johnson In a time when legal segregation meant that Black people were only allowed to conduct business among themselves, the Greenwood District in Tulsa, Oklahoma, grew into an affluent community of black millionaires and professionals whose standard of living far exceeded the whites in the area. That is, until the alleged assault of a white woman by a Black man led to the worst race riot in history, in which the white members of the city destroyed people and property, accruing millions of dollars worth of damage. Not to be defeated, the Black residents rebuilt the district and within 20 years, 242 businesses were back up and running. 2. Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King, Jr., and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference by David Garrow Possibly the most comprehensive book on the life of Martin Luther King Jr, drawing from hundreds of hours of interviews with his closest surviving associates and testimonials from those who loved him and those who opposed him. 3. The Rebellious Life of Mrs Rosa Parks by Jeanne Theoharis Rosa Parks was more than just a meek seamstress who refused to give up her seat on the bus one day. This NAACP award-winning book documents Parkss political philosophy and her six decades of activism, showcasing her for the civil rights fighter she was. 4. The Elaine Massacre and Arkansas: A Century of Atrocity and Resistance, 1819â€"1919 by Guy Lancaster A collection of historical essays documenting the 100 years of events leading up to one of the bloodiest events of racial violence in U.S. history, in which the authorities of the Arkansas Delta used extreme violence to end the black farmers union in 1919. 5. Reconstruction Updated Edition: Americas Unfinished Revolution, 1863â€"1877 (Harper Perennial Modern Classics) by Eric Foner A detailed look into the few years in which emancipated enslaved people were able to seek out economic independence and equal citizenship to begin a new era of equal rights for all Americans, and how this dream was short-lived. 6. She Came to Slay: The Life and Times of Harriet Tubman by Erica Armstrong Dunbar Sometimes the truth is stranger than fiction, and this short introduction to the life and legend that is Ms Harriet Tubman proves that heroes walk among us. Punctuated with catchy subheadings and innovative illustrations of Tubman through the ages, this book is a testament to one of the most incredible women in history. 7. A More Beautiful and Terrible History: The Uses and Misuses of Civil Rights History by Jeanne Theoharis Theoharis tears apart the white-washed versions of the Civil Rights movement that is often taught to present a clear and honest depiction of men and women, young and old, who fought for years against injustice, risking their lives and going to prison for the cause. This was no meek and tame movement. This was an army fighting for the justice all humans deserve. 8. A Black Womens History of the United States (Revisioning History) by Daina Ramey Berry and Kali Nicole Gross This comprehensive volume centres Black women within the narrative of the history of the United States, celebrating them and all their accomplished in their roles of enslaved women, religious leaders, artists, queer women, activists, and women who lived outside the law. 9. Never Caught: The Washingtons Relentless Pursuit of Their Runaway Slave, Ona Judge by Erica Armstrong Dunbar He may have led some of the citizens of the newly formed United States into freedom, but George Washington was all too happy for many to remain in bondage. When Ona Judge made an escape to freedom from their household, the Washingtons enlisted all of their political power in their attempt to secure her recapture. 10. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness by Michelle Alexander It is no longer legal to discriminate against a person because of their race but it is permissible to discriminate against convicted felons. Michelle Alexander lays out how the old forms of discrimination make a resurgence in a system in which Black men and women are more likely to be convicted than their white counterparts.

Military Bearing - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 1036 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/22 Category Advertising Essay Type Argumentative essay Topics: Military Essay Did you like this example? In the United States Army, military bearing is the root in which every service member practices in order to carry out good discipline and ethics throughout ones military careers. The Three General Orders of a Soldier, The articles of UCMJ, as well as our own Sailors Creed illustrates how a military service member should conduct himself or herself on a daily basis, on and off duty. Dependability is a major aspect of military bearing. Without dependability, one can neither perform properly in the workspace nor be depended upon by their coworkers, or chain of command to carry out their military duties adequately. A military member is required to be PUNCTUAL, and RELIABLE. Lack of this in a service member not only hinders the mission of the command but of the entire Army. LOYALTY, DUTY, RESPECT, SELFLESS SERVICE, HONOR, INTEGRITY, and PERSONAL COURAGE are Army core values that are instilled in each personnel’s life the instant that the oath of enlistment is pledged. Loy alty is to bear true faith and allegiance to the U. S. constitution, the Army, and other soldiers. Be loyal to the nation and its heritage. Duty is to fulfill your obligations. Accept responsibility for your own actions and those entrusted to your care. Find opportunities to improve oneself for the good of the group. Respect is to rely upon the golden rule. How we consider others reflects upon each of us, both personally and as a professional organization. Selfless Service is to put the welfare of the nation, the Army, and your subordinates before your own. Selfless service leads to organizational teamwork and encompasses discipline, self-control and faith in the system. Honor is to live up to all the Army values. Integrity is to do what is right, legally and morally. Be willing to do what is right even when no one is looking. It is our â€Å"moral compass† an inner voice. Personal courage is our ability to face fear, danger, or adversity, both physical and moral courag e. Without one of these Army core values, the others do not exist. These core values form the cornerstone of military bearing. As service members, military bearing is a vast assortment of rules and ethics that govern our everyday life. For instance, a clean and presentable uniform, knowing ones facing movements, how to respectively address a senior officer, as well as being prompt for basic soldier tasks. Keeping a clean uniform shows to other members the pride that you take in the obligations you hold in serving your country. Personnel inspections as well as award ceremonies demonstrate to ones chain of command how the effectiveness of this military bearing takes place. Knowing how to properly march, stand at attention, parade rest, as well as all other facing movements establishes one’s ability to follow orders precisely. Respecting senior officers is imperative in order to maintain good military order up and down the chain of command. Punctuality is key aspect of oneâ⠂¬â„¢s Army career. Tardiness can affect the mission of the command. In such an event as recall, one cannot afford to be late in carrying out their assigned tasks, for the repercussions can be severe to ones fellow soldiers as well as to the integrity of the unit. Being late to ones place of duty can affect the quality of work being done in the work environment. First call is a vital necessity within our Army where ones chain of command can brief all soldiers on new information concerning either the mission or ones specific job. Guard is every soldiers duty. Without a proper and thorough turnover it hinders the effectiveness of the guard post. Missing information during turnover can result in wasted man-hours, equipment damage, or can compromise the security of the command in which one works. Physical readiness standards are another element of military bearing. Physical readiness standards or better known as PT tests are held every six months for Army personnel. The test is en sures each member of the Army must perform and pass within certain standards in order to maintain peek performance in his or her military careers. Such aspects of the PT test are based upon sit up, push ups, as well as a 2-mile run. Each component of this test must be passed within certain times as well as counts in order to be viewed as properly fit within Army regulations. This allows an individual within the United States Army service to perform at his or her best. This test falls under military bearing on the evaluations of a service member. Each service member will receive a certain numerical grade in accordance with his or her performance on the PT test. When a service member does pass this test one will be placed on a regular remedial mandatory physical fitness program. If a service member were lacking in their military bearing, a form of counseling and corrective training would be used. A negative counseling will thoroughly detail the deficiency and provide guidance to correct the problem. Counseling is often accompanied by corrective training and instruction. Corrective training is the corrective actions taken against a service member who has not performed military bearing to the best of one’s bility. Corrective training should not be considered a form of punishment. This corrective action of must relate to the offense or area where the service member is in need of extra military instruction. Extra military training is assigned by the chain of command. The Uniform Code of Military Justice consists of many articles in which the military governs itself along with civilian laws. Every service member in all United States military branches must abide by these laws in order to maintain military bearing. When an individual does not obey these laws, punitive actions will occur. Such action entails Commanding Officers Non Judicial Punishment, general Court Martial, or Special Court martial. These are the most severe repercussions that a militar y service member may encounter. A loss of status as well as a forfeiture of basic pay and even restrictive time may occur. The highest punishment one in the military can receive is time in the stockade which the military version of incarceration, as well as dishonorable discharge from the military service. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Military Bearing" essay for you Create order

Physics of Boomerangs - 638 Words

Boomerangs are one of the first throwing machines invented by humans. Boomerangs first developed as an improvement of the carved throwing sticks. Usually made of wood and they were banana shaped; both arms were carved into curved surfaces. Typically 3 ft long and weighing 5-10 lbs. they were effective hunting tools. When thrown, boomerangs traveled parallel to the ground as far as 650 ft The physics of a Boomerang can be broken down into three simple reasons: 1. A boomerang has 2 arms or wings, similar to airplane wings, which created lift. 2. In flight, the top rotates in the directions of the boomerang and the bottom rotates in the opposite direction– creating an uneven lift and tilting, which is prevented by torque 3. The torque doesn’t flip the boomerang over, but instead creates angular momentum or gyroscope precession. 1. The boomerang’s arms being shaped like wings are very important. Each wing has both a flat side and a curved side, like an airplane wing. The purpose of the design is to create an airfoil shape therefore creating lift. This lift is created when the thrower thrust the boomerang; that air foils deflects the air down which in return propels the wing up. The air being pushed to the underside of the wing creates 1/3 of the lift of a wing. So if the boomerang doesn’t have a strong airfoil shape, it will not have enough lift to overcome the downward pressure. As the air is moving across the airfoil it has to go farther on the curved surface than it does onShow MoreRelated The Physics of Boomerangs Essay1379 Words   |  6 PagesThe Physics of Boomerangs The successful flight of a boomerang looks as though it never should happen. Its more or less circular flight path comes from the interaction of two physical phenomena: the aerodynamic lift of the arms of the boomerang and the spinning boomerang’s maintenance of angular momentum. Briefly put, the airfoil at the boomerang’s forward rotating edge provides more lift than its rearward rotating edge. This elevates one side of the boomerang. The spinning object maintainsRead MoreCompare And Contrast Batman Of Dc And Iron Man925 Words   |  4 Pagesintellect and enormous amounts of money to create technology for their powers. Iron Man, whose true name is Anthony â€Å"Tony† Stark, entered MIT at age 15 to study electrical engineering. He received a master’s degree in electrical engineering and physics. Using this, he developed weapons for the military. While driving back from a weapons test site, he and his military escort were attacked by terrorists. After getting kidnapped by the terrorists, they wanted to use him to create a weapon of mass destructionRead MoreA History of Roller Coasters Essay2453 Words   |  10 Pagessubcategories of roller coasters that go with them. 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Adversity, after all, stimulates, coerces, and sharpens people in ways that prosperity simply cannot. Indeed, itRead More beach erosion Essay examples3156 Words   |  13 Pagespermeable they are, the more energy will dissipate before it reaches landward development or natural resources.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;. Simple solutions boomerang Cities like Miami Beach that built ri ght up to the bluffs above the beach soon noticed that the bluffs were eroding, bringing the ocean a bit too close for comfort. The city responded by reinforcing the bluffs with sea walls. But the walls reflectedRead MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words   |  339 Pagessister â€Å"thinking big thoughts†; she played girls’ cricket avidly and was lead guitarist in an all-girl rock band (it’s no surprise that she still performs on stage at PepsiCo events). She ï ¬ nished a multidisciplinary undergraduate degree in chemistry, physics, and math before getting her MBA in Calcutta. Nooyi then worked in the textile industry (Tootal) and consumer products industry (Johnson Johnson) before getting a master’s of public and private management at Yale. After graduation, she shiftedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesgraphics say that by viewing images instead of numbers, a fundamental change in the way researchers think and work is occurring. People have a lot easier time getting an intuition from pictures than they do from numbers and tables or formulas. In most physics experiments, the answer used to be a number or a string of numbers. In the last few years the answer has increasingly become a picture† (Markoff, 1988, p. D3). To illustrate the differences among thinking languages, consider the following simple problem:

Bluetooth Technology Free Essays

Technology already tracks or monitors animals, people, vehicles and other objects to eliminate the need for constant human observation. These technologies need to be small, economical and consume a minimal amount of power. Bluetooth technology is being used extensively in hand-held devices and wireless computing [Pico Communications] because of its characteristics mentioned above. We will write a custom essay sample on Bluetooth Technology or any similar topic only for you Order Now This project aims to use Bluetooth technology to monitor and track animals in the wild. More specifically, this project deals with the off-loading of data from a device situated on an animal. The aim of this literature survey is to investigate the Bluetooth technology, focusing on routing in Bluetooth networks, as well as current animal tracking and monitoring technologies. Current technologies used in tracking and monitoring Many of these projects make use of the Global Positioning System (GPS), Global System for Mobile (GSM) or directional radio transmission tracking. One of them is described in â€Å"Save the Elephants† GSM tracking project, sponsored by Safari. com in Kenya, which makes use of the GPS system to gather locational information of tags placed on elephants [Douglas-Hamilton, I. t al (February 2004)]. These tags also have GSM modules that allow the locational data to be downloaded periodically. Objectives of this project are to develop small tags that have a long battery life, are cheap and light. Before the safari. com project, VHF (Very High Frequency) radio was used to download the GPS data from the animals about every 3 months. Sending data using VHF requires a large amount of power consumption, hence downloads were only done every three months. GSM technology lowers this power consumption enabling more regular data retrieval. Data, such as that elephants usually travel about 10km a day but can walk 30km or more, was collected using this technology. The Kenya wildlife service use this knowledge to plan things like human-animal interaction and fence positioning. A company called Digital Angle has developed a chip that is embedded into animals [Hostetter, J (April 2003)]. While these chips do not produce locational information, they enable a person to electronically identify an animal as well as get its current body temperature. The company is looking at using these â€Å"bio chips† to track an animal’s blood pressure and hormonal changes [Hostetter, J (April 2003)]. The bio chips are very small and light but data can only be collected with a hand held reader which provides the chip with power via magnetic induction, similar to RFID technology. Most animal tracking projects are interested in the movements of animals. We are interested in the interaction of animals and possibly data concerning individual animals using the technology being developed by Digital Angle. Because we aim to only use Bluetooth technology (and not GPS), an animal’s location could be roughly plotted by tagging physical positions, for example watering holes and trees. The tracking and monitoring systems above use VHF or GSM technologies to download data from animals. We want to look at the feasibility of using Bluetooth networks to download this data. Bluetooth is suited to this application because it is small, light and uses a minimal amount of power, whereas GSM and GPS devices have a short battery life and are large and heavy. In an application that does not involve animals, Ron Alterovitz from the computer science department at Caltech University in California has done a research project involving message routing over a Bluetooth scatternet. Alterovitz, R (2001)] His aim was to make wireless-enabled vehicles communicate while in motion. The ad-hoc properties of piconets and scatternets enable the vehicles to pass messages between them while they are in motion. The vehicles were linked up to a positioning system and set to run around in a 1000Ãâ€"1000 cm room. Each vehicle was able to transmit up to a distance of 250cm. The vehicles were left to move around the room randomly while the positioning system and vehicles passed messages amongst each other to stop them crashing. The routing tables, used to pass messages, were only allowed to be updated at set intervals. It was found that message packets were lost if the speed of the vehicles was increased while the routing interval was kept the same [Alterovitz, R (June 2001)]. Although Bluetooth has been used for tracking small autonomous vehicles, there is no evidence of the use of this technology to track animals. However, wireless devices, for example Bluetooth enabled cell phones, could be used to track human beings. This raises ethical and privacy issues [Potter, B (November 2003)]. Bluetooth as the Underlying Technology The above technologies aim to provide a means of tracking or message-passing through the use of devices that are physically small, use minimal amounts of power and support an ad-hoc type of communication. Bluetooth supports realistic data rates of up to 600Kbps and claims to make a battery last from 50% to 300% longer than other wireless technologies [PicoCommunications, (November 2002)]. There are two classes of Bluetooth device. The class 2 radio allows a range of ten meters while class 1 radios allow for transmission over 100 meters. Bluetooth operates in the license-free 2. 4GHz band making use of frequency hopping at a rate of 1600 hops per second. Although Bluetooth has limitations in its transfer speed and communication distance, its market share is rising while 802. 11 (WiFi) has slowed down in its growth [Dursch, A. et all (December 2003)]. The rising interest in Bluetooth will increase production, causing the already cheap technology to become easily obtainable. The Bluetooth stack Illustration 1The Bluetooth Stack Each Bluetooth packet has a fixed format that starts with a 72-bit access code. This is followed by a 54-bit header containing error correction, retransmission and control information. Finally the packet contains a payload of 0 to 2745 bits. Three methods, Forward Error Correction (FEC), Automatic Repeated Request (ARQ) and Cyclic Redundancy Checks (CRC) are used for error correction during Bluetooth communication [Forum Nokia (April 2003)]. This project is interested in the following Bluetooth stack layers: The Link Manager Protocol (LPM) layer is responsible for setting up the links between Bluetooth devices and deals with master/slave switching, low power modes, clock offsets and packet size negotiation. This layer, although not critical to this project, also handles the exchange of authentication and encryption information. The Logical Link Control and Adaptation Protocol (L2CAP) enables multiplexing of the protocols above it by segmenting and reassembling packets [Pico Communications inc]. The Service Discovery Protocol (SDP) enables Bluetooth devices to advertise and discover services. SDP passes bitmasks, representing advertised services, to all backbone nodes. This allows other devices to discover the type and location of a service on a Bluetooth network quickly [Nordbotten, N, A. et al (2004)]. RFCOMM is a serial port emulation protocol enabling RS232 control and data signaling over Bluetooth. It allows services such as the Point to Point Protocol (PPP) to be used over Bluetooth. IP is the standard protocol used on the Internet [Pico Communications inc]. Bluetooth profiles Bluetooth profiles describe the main usage models of Bluetooth. The current Bluetooth specification contains four general profiles. [Forum Nokia (April 2003)] The Generic Access Profile defines the discovery of other Bluetooth devices, link management and connectivity, security levels and common format requirements for user interfaces. All Bluetooth devices have to support this profile and all other profiles require and use it. The Service Discovery Application Profile defines procedures for a Bluetooth application to discover services advertised by another Bluetooth device, and should be followed should this project make use of services during implementation. The Serial Port Profile defines the Bluetooth requirements for setting up emulated serial cable connections. This profile is also an option should this project transfer data over RS232 connections. The Generic Object Exchange Profile is used by applications that need object exchange capabilities. This profile is also an option should we want to model our data as objects and pass these objects from device to device and then finally to a data sink [Forum Nokia (April 2003)]. Ad-Hoc Bluetooth Networks Bluetooth enabled devices form ad-hoc networks when they come into contact with one another. These networks are built using scatternet and piconet formation algorithms as described by [Law, C. et al (2001)]. Between 1 and 7 devices can form a piconet. One device is designated to be the master. This decision is made by each device generating a random number determining whether the device will assume to be the master and seek slaves or assume to be a slave and scan for the master. Because only 7 nodes are allowed to participate in a piconet, scatternets are formed by linking many piconets together via shared slave nodes. The number of piconets to which a device belongs is termed its degree. A master node in a piconet may only have a degree of one, meaning a master node may not be shared between two piconets. The shared slaves are time multiplexed between the piconets to which it belongs and data sent between the piconets must be sent via the shared slave [Law, C. et al, (2001)]. The time it takes for data to be passed through a shared slave is dependent on the manner in which the shared slave switches between piconets. Shared slaves need to have timed rendezvous points with piconet masters in order to exchange data [Misic, J. et al (February 2004)]. The masters and shared slaves are collectively referred to as back bone nodes of the formed scatternet. The piconet and scatternet formation algorithms allow nodes to move and migrate between piconets and allow small piconets to be merged [Law, C. et al (2001)]. These ad-hoc properties of piconets and scatternets enable data to be exchanged between many Bluetooth devices while those devices are moving between piconets within a scatternet, effectively enabling the devices to physically move around while data is being exchanged amongst them. Conclusion This literature search has found no evidence that Bluetooth has been used to track or monitor animals in the wild. It has however found many applications where Bluetooth networks have been used for mobile devices needing to exchange data. The literature shows that there is a need for small, inexpensive animal tracking devices that consume a minimal amount of power. It is also shown that Bluetooth is already being used for hand-held and mobile computing applications for these same reasons. Our aim is to build upon the device and network technologies surveyed in this paper, to determine the feasibility of a Bluetooth-based animal tracking and monitoring system, which has a low degree of human probe effect. How to cite Bluetooth Technology, Papers

Global Political of Intellectual Property Rights †MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Global Political of Intellectual Property Rights. Answer: Introduction: The term property is generally used for governing access to and control the land and other material resources as per the philosophical theory of Stanford. According to this theory the philosophers stated that it governs the access to and control of things that are used by individuals. For example use of natural resources, land, manufactured goods and other intellectual products. Everything around is not considered to be property. A property needs to be recognized based on the objects and subjects involved with it. The essential criteria for establishing whether something is property or not, depends on the location of it. A property can be situated on the land as an immovable object[1]. It can also be considered as movable. Therefore, objects that are situated on the land like houses. Immovable objects like cars also fall under the criteria of being property. Property can be classified into public and private. Private refers to that system which allocates particular objects like piece s of land to specific individuals for using and managing[2]. Public property refers to those objects that are used by every individual. As observed from the given case study, the property of a man after he dies will be inherited by his children unless there is a will made by that particular person stating on whom he has given his property to. Xu has entire estate worth $20 million was given to Benji as his wife Kay was deceased. Thereafter, the moment Xu passed away and Moong alleged himself to be the son of Xu. Legally, Benji was suppose to receive the entire estate, which was worth $20 million but now that Moong is claiming to be the son of Xu. This suggests that $20 million dollars will be divided between these two. This can be proved with the help of a DNA test. However, according to the case study, the tissue of the Xus body remained in the local private hospital where his medical treatment failed. As per the rules of the Court, orders are made in respect of a property. The bodily tissue of Xus property belong to the family of Xu. The present family of Xu consisted of his son Benji and his wife Kay. Moong will a lso be entitled to receive the property of Xu once the DNA test is proved with the help of the tissue. Although Xu is dead but even with his remaining tissue, a DNA test can be arranged which will prove if at all Moong is the blood related child of Xu. Therefore, the property of Xu will be handed over at that time when it is proved that apart from Benji if Moong is also the son of Xu. In respect to the property of a person, the court can pass its verdict but the final decision will come down to the time when the DNA reports are out. The bodily tissues of the deceased will not be considered as a property but it can be used for finding out the DNA results. Till the tissue is undergoing the process of the test, it will belong to the natural heir of Xu. This has been observed in the case of Armory v Delamirie(1722) Until the reports are not out, the tissue will belong to Benji who is the legal heir and blood related. If the DNA report states that Moong is also the child of Xu, then both of them will share the entire estate of $20 million. However, the court orders are made based on the nature and situation of the property. A legal proceeding that generally arises among property and boundary disputes are known as an adverse possession. The justification for adverse property defines a situation where a party should show that they have actually used the property. For instance, an adverse possession can claim over a backyard that requires to show the common activities to the type of property which include gardening[3]. When a real property is acquired by adverse possession, justifications should be provided thereafter. Use of this actual property does not imply to situations when the property is used for a full time. Properties can be used during seasonal occasions as well. For a seasonal property, a party needs to prove that it was in use for the relevant season of the year. In case of an adverse possession claim for a breach property, the claimant need not show if it was used in the winter. The concept of adverse possession requires a party to show that the use was open and notorious[4]. This refers to a situation, where it is visible to others especially the record owner of the property. In the provided case study, Andrew James was known as the adverse claimant[5]. In this scenario, a squatter took over a dilapidated terrace in the inner city of Sydney that has abandoned his bid for adverse possession. Andrew James was the person who had moved out of the property worth $1 million that remained the focus of a legal dispute between his neighbor and the local council. Mr. Andrew James was removed by The Supreme Court of NSW as he was the defendant in the proceedings during a directions that was heard at the court. After that particular hearing, the property was vacated. His neighbor Gerard Knapp was bound to take legal action after James had moved out into abandoned house in a bid to take adverse possession. Gerard was faced with a problem where his run down property was claimed to be a structural risk for himself[6]. Such a situation was defined to be a legalized theft along with thousands of properties in Sydney that were bought by the investors of overseas and led into the real lawlessness. Since Mr. Andrews was out of the picture, the court ca nnot allow him for another hearing. Thereafter, Gerard will be summoned in the court and will be claimed for damages from him against Mr. Fuh between the City of Sydney and the lawyer. The merits of this argument states that the claimant Andrew was out of the picture and therefore he did not owe any kind of damages to his neighbor. Andrew got saved from this problem of paying for the damages caused to the neighbor[7]. Andrew James A.K.A Andy Robert had the upper hand in this situation. He had told his neighbors that his wish was to modernize the terrace and rent it out. Andrew was smart enough to think of his profit ratio out of it. The house of Elizabeth Street in Redfern was last sold in September 1991. The Australian and Chinese owner had visited the property only three or four times a year. Sometime in the month of October, Mr. James had lost his bid for adverse possession when the Supreme Court of NSW had removed him as a defendant during the proceedings after the court heard that the property had been vacated. The neighbors on either side of the Elizabeth Street property had opted for the auction of the house. The neighbors did not create much problem when the house was getting auctioned by James and were happy when he was removed as the defendant by the Supreme Court of NSW[8]. James had claimed the rights of the squatters and his intention was to capture or acquire the property and then renovate it. It was an unusual situation at that time. Sometime in June, Mr. Knapp had won a court order for selling off the property sold. The purpose was to improve the cost for extensive damage caused by water through the common wall. This way he got access to the property, he wanted. Through this property, he can manage to get to the common wall. The amount is important, as the squatter had already paid out the unpaid rates. This process-involved risk as the amount was quite high. The neighbors were aware of such condition and therefore they took the decision accordingly[9]. Therefore, the neighbors of the Elizabeth Street property had known the fact that Andrew was a claimant of the adverse possession. The case study stated that the Chinese owner had bought the house but he has not visited or seen in the last nine years after returning to China. Thereafter, Mr. James wanted to take over the property, as no one wanted to. The neighbors opposed in the beginning saying that he was too young but he did try to take the premises. Mr. Andrews was accused of trespassing but he defended himself to the City of Sydney Council stating that only the owner can oppose such a complaint on him. Therefore, he obtained access and started making claim of adverse possession[10]. In Sydney, such an incident was known as legalized theft. In Australia, adverse possession was referred to as the rights of the squatter if a property is occupied by someone for a long time. Due to this, the real owners lose their own rights over it naturally. The City of Sydney Council had summoned the Chinese owner to the court as he had neglected the house[11]. Due to this condition, the neighbors thought that it would damag e their homes as well. The neighbors had requested the Council for putting up that house for public auction[12]. However, the role of City of Sydney Council was to take care of the situation of Mr. James. Mr. Andrew had abandoned his claim for adverse possession since he had acquired that property because the Chinese owner did not visit that property even once in the last 12 years. There were controversies of trespassing the property by the neighbors of Elizabeth Street. He had claimed adverse possession of the property because he had actually used that property. Sometime during 2016, this house was the centre of a bizarre dispute with a squatter who had recognized himself as Andrew James. He had tried taking the ownership by adverse possession. Later he had abandoned his claim for the adverse possession as the Supreme Court of NSW removed him as the defendant[13]. If he had not abandoned the claim then the property acquired by him would have been a disputed one. As an advice for Andrews, it can be said that if he had fought back with the lawyers of the opposite party then he would have won the property. Adverse possession should be claimed only when the owner of the property has granted or passed over the ownership. The purpose of adverse possession is to damage the title of an individual who is not possessed. Therefore, it does not destroy the rights of other persons who have an enforceable interest in the lands. After such a confusion and abandoning the land property, the Council of Sydney had sold the land if the charges imposed on it was not paid for a period of more than five years. Andrew was accused of being a legalized theft in the city[14]. Andrew was bound to abandon the claim also because a claim is usually made against an owner of common law after a period of 12 years. As per the case study, it was observed that Andrews had a strong claim to the property of Elizabeth Street. The City of Sydney Council had defended Andrew and his activities. The City of Sydney Council exclaimed that it has no rights to take the occupation of the property. If the rates of a particular house is not paid then it is the duty of the city to sell the property to recover the expenses that was owed. If not selling completely, the city council might consider the fact of selling it[15]. Since, Andrew had taken care of the property and was residing in it the Council could not impose much allegations on him. The neighbors of the Elizabeth Street opposed and complained about Mr. James for trespassing. According to the Local Government Act, the Council has the right to sell any land on which any charge or rate has remained not paid for more than a period of five years from the date of payable. The City Council of Sydney had made an independent assessment of the structural integri ty of the house that carried out with the access that was provided by Mr. James himself[16]. The issue creating such problems lies between the owner and the person living in the property. The concept gets more complicated than taking adverse possession of the house. The City of Sydney Council could not have defeated Mr. James much. References: Berkowitz, Daniel, Chen Lin, and Yue Ma. "Do property rights matter? Evidence from a property law enactment."Journal of Financial Economics116.3 (2015): 583-593. Bradbrook, Adrian, Susan MacCallum, and Anthony Moore. Australian real property law. Australia, 2002. DeScioli, Peter, and Rachel Karpoff. "Peoples judgments about classic property law cases."Human Nature26.2 (2015): 184-209. Dickens, Bernard M. "Living tissue and organ donors and property law: more on Moore."Organ and Tissue Transplantation. Routledge, 2017. 37-57. Fitzpatrick, Daniel, and Andrew McWilliam.Property and social resilience in times of conflict: land, custom and law in East Timor. Routledge, 2016. Ginzberg, Eli.The institutions of private law and their social functions. Routledge, 2017. Hines, N. William. "Real Property Joint Tenancies: Law, Fact, and Fancy."Iowa L. Rev.51 (1965): 582. May, Christopher.The global political economy of intellectual property rights: The new enclosures. Routledge, 2015. McDonald, Paula, and Paul Thompson. "Social media (tion) and the reshaping of public/private boundaries in employment relations."International Journal of Management Reviews18.1 (2016): 69-84. Mossman, Mary Jane, and Philip Girard. Property law: cases and commentary. Emond Montgomery Publications, 2014. Murphy, Richard S. "Property rights in personal information: An economic defense of privacy."Privacy. Routledge, 2017. 43-79. Paul, Ellen Frankel.Property rights and eminent domain. Routledge, 2017. Rabin, Edward, et al. "Fundamentals of Modern Property Law." (2017). Roness, Paul G. "Types of state organizations: Arguments, doctrines and changes beyond new public management."Transcending new public management. Routledge, 2017. 77-100. Williamson, Claudia R. "Praise for Property."Journal of Private Enterprise32.4 (2017): 83-94.